Test Drive: Unlimited choppiness/stuttering issue

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Hello, I have been dealing with this issue for a month now. I have 60 FPS and performance/rendering fixes cheats enabled for Test Drive: Unlimited.
During the start, the game runs perfectly fine and smoothly at first. But after playing for a few more minutes, I'm starting to experience stuttering issues.
I tried a few things like setting the Buffer graphics command to either "Up to 1" or "Up to 2". While these options did address the stuttering that I was experiencing, it led to a more choppy gameplay experience.
I have also tried experimenting with the I/O timing method setting, choosing either "Fast (lag on slow storage)" or "Simulate UMD delays". But still, the stuttering issue persisted.
I had also experimented with enabling/disabling all Speed Hacks settings, excluding the "Skip buffer effects" option since it is not compatible with the game.
Nothing ever fixed my issue here.

So yeah, does anyone know any possible fixes to this?

I'll provide a few information below about the current settings I have enabled for Test Drive: Unlimited.


Device name: ZTE nubia Neo 3 GT 5G
Chipset: Unisoc T9100
CPU: Octa-Core (1x2.7 GHz Cortex-A76 & 3x2.3 GHz Cortex-A76 & 4x2.1 GHz Cortex-A55)
GPU: Mali-G57
RAM: 12 GB (Internal) + 12 GB (Extended RAM)
OS: MyOS 15 (Android 15)
PPSSPP Version: 1.18.1

—Graphics—

[Rendering mode]

Backend: Vulkan
Rendering resolution: 2X PSP
Software rendering: Off
Antialiasing (MSAA): Off
Display resolution (HW scaler): Native device resolution
VSync: Off
Fullscreen: √

[Framerate control]

Frame skipping: Off
Frame skipping type: Number of frames
Auto frameskip: Off
Alternative speed: Unlimited
Alternative speed 2: Disabled

[Speed Hacks]

Skip buffer effects: Off
Disabling culling: √
Skip GPU Readbacks: Skip
Lazy texture caching (speedup): √
Spline/Bezier curves quality: Low

[Performance]

Render duplicate frames to 60 Hz: Off
Buffer graphics command (faster, input lag): No buffer
Geometry shader culling: Off
Hardware transform: √
Software skinning: √
Hardware tessellation: √

—System—

[General]

Cache full ISO in RAM: √

[Emulation]

Fast memory (unstable): √
Ignore bad memory accesses: √
I/O timing method: Fast (lag on slow storage)
Force real clock sync (slower, less lag): Off
Change emulated PSP's CPU clock (unstable): Auto
Rewing Snapshot Interval (mem hog): Off

[Cheats]

Enable cheats: √